=ryu

Cite this page as:	"=ryu". In A Comprehensive Edition of Tocharian Manuscripts (CEToM). Created and maintained by Melanie Malzahn, Martin Braun, Hannes A. Fellner, and Bernhard Koller. https://cetom.univie.ac.at/?F_A_aryu (accessed 07 Sep. 2026).
Meaning:	Carling et al. 2009: “long time, for a long time”
Word class:	adjective
Language:	TA
Lexeme variants:	=ryu; aryu

Paradigm

	sg.m	sg.f	pl.m	pl.f	du.m	du.f
nom
voc
acc
gen
loc
comit
inst
abl
perl
all
caus

Lexeme family

• aryu “long time, for a long time”

Occurrences

aryu

1	A 56 a6	; talkeyntu ; śaśmāṣt	ab1(ryu)	18σ /// kupre (n)e
2	A 77 b6	tā =śśi kälkeñc :	aryu	pa
3	A 81 a1	a1 ///	(a)ryu	praṣṭaṃ ṣakk ats śla
4	A 106 b2	(nā)käñtār kāpñy āṣāṃtsumänt :	aryu	ṣakk ats onm(iṃ) b3
5	A 177 a3	sepalyo kakältsā-ṃ • mā	aryu	praṣtaṃ ṣakk a ///
6	A 222 a5	wrasas ; mroskässi :	aryu	praṣtaṃ ; ṣom (kṣaṇaṃ)
7	A 272 a7	a7 /// ssi :	aryu	suk{†ä} tṣaṃ kälpītār – –
8	A 294 a7	mpeyaṃ : tri ñemintu	aryu	ṣ·e /// a8 ///
9	A 313 a7	॥ cācäkkinaṃ ॥ ṣokyo	aryu	; śtwarāk päñ pi
10	A 313 a7	puklā (nātäk) (:) (ṣokyo)	aryu	; śtwarāk päñ pi
11	A 341 a4	nātäk ; {†k}kaśśiñ was	a(ryu)	/// 15σ 10σ ;
12	A 426 b3	kupre yayaiva b3 ///	aryu	: ॥ vivekasu – – – –
13	THT 1378.j a1	a1 ///	aryu	/// a2 /// ॥
14	THT 1463 a4	a4 /// – kakärkunt	aryu	ṣt· mi /// a5
15	THT 1589.h b2	/// b2 /// –	aryu	umparñäṃ o /// b3
16	THT 2399 a6	/// (puttiśpa)rṣṣāṃ mā	aryu	pra(ṣtaṃ) /// b1 ///
17	YQ II.6 b1	• ॥ yarāssinaṃ ॥	aryu	penu ; wärpāträ ;
18	YQ II.6 b2	1σ /// (ce)smaśśäl ;	aryu	pe ; plāntaṣ ākaṃ
19	YQ II.6 b2	tmäkk ats kumnäṣ :	aryu	penu ; kapśañi ;
20	YQ N.5 b5	b5 /// (s)n(e) nkalune	aryu	klyantr-äm /// b6

=ryu

1	A 56 b3	/// (ak)m(a)l mā	=ryu	praṣtaṃ kāreyo kākoṣtu nkatär
2	A 217 a5	krañcäṃ märkampal ; mā	=ryu	praṣtaṃ ; okñäṣ ñäktas
3	A 289 b5	pärwat se ; mā	=ryu	praṣṭaṃ ; se wäl

Bibliography

Carling et al. 2009

Carling, Gerd, Georges-Jean Pinault, and Werner Winter. 2009. A dictionary and thesaurus of Tocharian A. Volume 1: Letters a-j. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.